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Adapter类控件使用之DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用

来源:程序员人生   发布时间:2016-07-04 16:10:59 阅读次数:2429次

(1)概述
本节给大家带来基础UI控件部份的最后1个控件:DrawerLayout,官方给我们提供的1个侧滑菜单控件,和上1节的ViewPager1样,3.0以后引入,低版本使用它,需要v4兼容包,既然Google为我们提供了这个控件,为什么不用咧,而且在 Material Design设计规范中,随处可见的很多侧滑菜单的动画效果,大都可以通过Toolbar + DrawerLayout来实现~,本节我们就来探究下这个DrawerLayout的1个基本用法~还有人喜欢把他
称为抽屉控件~

(2)使用的注意事项

1.主内容视图1定要是DrawerLayout的第1个子视图
2.主内容视图宽度和高度需要match_parent
3.必须显示指定侧滑视图的android:layout_gravity属性
android:layout_gravity = “start”时,从左向右滑出菜单
android:layout_gravity = “end”时,从右向左滑出菜单
不推荐使用left和right !!!
侧滑视图的宽度以dp为单位,不建议超过320dp(为了总能看到1些主内容视图)

设置侧滑事 件:
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(DrawerLayout.DrawerListener);

要说1点:可以结合Actionbar使用当用户点击Actionbar上的利用图标,弹出侧滑菜单! 这里就要通过ActionBarDrawerToggle,它是DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的具体实现类, 我们可以重写ActionBarDrawerToggle的onDrawerOpened()onDrawerClosed()以监听抽屉拉出 或隐藏事件!但是这里我们不讲,由于5.0后我们使用的是Toolbar!有兴趣的可以自行查阅相干 文档!

使用代码案例
案例1:单个侧滑菜单的实现
运行效果图:
这里写图片描述
实现关键代码:
首先是我们的主布局,注意:最外层要是DrawerLayout哦!!!!
activity_main.xml:

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/drawer_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/ly_content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <ListView android:id="@+id/list_left_drawer" android:layout_width="180dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="start" android:background="#080808" android:choiceMode="singleChoice" android:divider="#FFFFFF" android:dividerHeight="1dp" /> </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

接着ListView的布局代码和domain类:Item比较简单,就不给出了,直接上中间Fragment的
布局和代码吧!另外Adapter直接复用我们之前写的那个可复用的MyAdapter!
fg_content.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf⑻"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:textSize="25sp" /> </RelativeLayout>

ContentFragment.java

public class ContentFragment extends Fragment { private TextView tv_content; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false); tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content); String text = getArguments().getString("text"); tv_content.setText(text); return view; } }

最后是我们的Activity类
MainActivity.java:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private ListView list_left_drawer; private ArrayList<Item> menuLists; private MyAdapter<Item> myAdapter = null; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout); list_left_drawer = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_left_drawer); menuLists = new ArrayList<Item>(); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_realtime,"实时信息")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_alert,"提示通知")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_trace,"活动线路")); menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_settings,"相干设置")); myAdapter = new MyAdapter<Item>(menuLists,R.layout.item_list) { @Override public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, Item obj) { holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_icon,obj.getIconId()); holder.setText(R.id.txt_content, obj.getIconName()); } }; list_left_drawer.setAdapter(myAdapter); list_left_drawer.setOnItemClickListener(this); } @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { ContentFragment contentFragment = new ContentFragment(); Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putString("text", menuLists.get(position).getIconName()); contentFragment.setArguments(args); FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager(); fm.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.ly_content,contentFragment).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(list_left_drawer); } }

代码很简单,就不多说了~

(3)左右两个侧滑菜单的实现
不知道你有无发现,从上面的DrawerLayout的布局,我们大概可以猜到,DrawerLayout
最多由3个部份组成,中间的内容部份,左侧的侧滑菜单部份,右侧的侧滑菜单部份组成!
下面我们来写1个带有两个侧滑菜单的示例!
运行效果:
这里写图片描述
代码实现:
————首先我们创建两个Fragment和对应的布局,他们分别是左右边滑菜单!
左侧Fragment:
布局:fg_left.xml,这里就用了1个图片而以,点击后弹出1个新的Activity;
固然你可以根据自己的需求进行扩大!

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf⑻"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/img_bg" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@mipmap/bg_menu_left"/> </LinearLayout>

对应的LeftFragment.java:

public class LeftFragment extends Fragment{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_left, container, false); ImageView img_bg = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img_bg); img_bg.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { getActivity().startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(),OtherActivity.class)); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.START); } }); return view; } //暴露给Activity,用于传入DrawerLayout,由于点击后想关掉DrawerLayout public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){ this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout; } }

右面的Fragment:
布局就3个按钮,点击后替换中间部份的Fragment,布局fg_right.xml代码以下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf⑻"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#2F9AF2" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_one" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜单项1" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_two" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜单项2" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_three" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="菜单项3" /> </LinearLayout>

然后对应的是RightFragment.java:

public class RightFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{ private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private FragmentManager fManager; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_right, container, false); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_one).setOnClickListener(this); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_two).setOnClickListener(this); view.findViewById(R.id.btn_three).setOnClickListener(this); fManager = getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager(); return view; } @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()){ case R.id.btn_one: ContentFragment cFragment1 = new ContentFragment("1.点击了右边菜单项1",R.color.blue); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment1).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; case R.id.btn_two: ContentFragment cFragment2 = new ContentFragment("2.点击了右边菜单项2",R.color.red); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment2).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; case R.id.btn_three: ContentFragment cFragment3 = new ContentFragment("3.点击了右边菜单项3",R.color.yellow); fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment3).commit(); drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END); break; } } public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){ this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout; } }

另外还有1个中间部份填充的ContentFragment,布局:fg_content.xml以下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf⑻"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:textSize="25sp" /> </RelativeLayout>

对应的ContentFragment.java:

public class ContentFragment extends Fragment { private TextView tv_content; private String strContent; private int bgColor; public ContentFragment(String strContent,int bgColor) { this.strContent = strContent; this.bgColor = bgColor; } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false); view.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(bgColor)); tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content); tv_content.setText(strContent); return view; } }

编写好以后,就到我们的Activity的布局了和Activity的代码了:
在此之前我们还需要些1个顶部条形栏的布局:
view_topbar.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf⑻"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#DCDEDB"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_right" android:layout_width="40dp" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor"/> </RelativeLayout>

然后是activity_main.xml:

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/drawer_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <include android:id="@+id/topbar" layout="@layout/view_topbar" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="48dp" /> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/fly_content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </LinearLayout> <fragment android:id="@+id/fg_left_menu" android:name="eliot.wakfo.com.anroid_drawerlayout.LeftFragment" android:layout_width="300dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="start" android:tag="LEFT" tools:layout="@layout/fg_left" /> <fragment android:id="@+id/fg_right_menu" android:name="eliot.wakfo.com.anroid_drawerlayout.LeftFragment" android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="end" android:tag="RIGHT" tools:layout="@layout/fg_right" /> </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

最后是MainActivity.java:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private DrawerLayout drawer_layout; private FrameLayout fly_content; private View topbar; private Button btn_right; private RightFragment fg_right_menu; private LeftFragment fg_left_menu; private FragmentManager fManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); fManager = getSupportFragmentManager(); fg_right_menu = (RightFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_right_menu); fg_left_menu = (LeftFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_left_menu); initViews(); } private void initViews() { drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout); fly_content = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fly_content); topbar = findViewById(R.id.topbar); btn_right = (Button) topbar.findViewById(R.id.btn_right); btn_right.setOnClickListener(this); //设置右面的侧滑菜单只能通过编程来打开 drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); drawer_layout.setDrawerListener(new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener() { @Override public void onDrawerSlide(View view, float v) { } @Override public void onDrawerOpened(View view) { } @Override public void onDrawerClosed(View view) { drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode( DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); } @Override public void onDrawerStateChanged(int i) { } }); fg_right_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout); fg_left_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.END); drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED, Gravity.END); //消除锁定 } }

好的,至此就大功告成了~,呼呼,下面说下看代码时可能会有的疑惑:
1. drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.END);
这句是设置打开的哪一个菜单START代表左侧,END代表右侧
2.
drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,Gravity.END);
锁定右面的侧滑菜单,不能通过手势关闭或打开,只能通过代码打开!即调用openDrawer方
法!
接着
drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,Gravity.END);
消除锁定状态,便可以通过手势关闭侧滑菜单
最后在drawer关闭的时候调用:
drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,
Gravity.END);
再次锁定右侧的侧滑菜单!
3. 布局代码中的Tag属性的作用?
答:这里没用到,在重写DrawerListener的onDrawerSlide方法时,我们可以通过他的第1个
参数drawerView,调用drawerView.getTag().equals(“START”)判断触发菜单事件的是哪一个
菜单!然后可以进行对应的操作!

<完>

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