Hive自定义函数的使用――useragent解析
来源：程序员人生 发布时间：2014-11-07 08:58:23 阅读次数：5008次
想要从日志数据中分析1下操作系统、阅读器、版本使用情况，但是hive中的函数不能直接解析useragent,因而可以写1个UDF来解析。useragent用于表示用户确当前操作系统，阅读器版本信息，形如：
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.63 Safari/537.36 180.173.196.29
其中解析ua可以用1个开源的工具包,叫做useragentutils.jar来处理，但是不能直接引入这个包，由于hadoop和hive都不支持直接援用第3方的包，要导入源码。项目结构应当以下图
下面的代码用来打印出操作系统、阅读器版本信息：
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDF;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import eu.bitwalker.useragentutils.UserAgent;
public class ParseUserAgent_UDF extends UDF{
public Text evaluate(final Text userAgent){
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
UserAgent ua = new UserAgent(userAgent.toString());
builder.append(ua.getOperatingSystem()+" "+ua.getBrowser()+" "+ua.getBrowserVersion());
return new Text(builder.toString());
}
}
使用：打成jar包，hive中add jar xx.jar;
create temporary function ua_parse as 'com.xx.ParseUserAgent_UDF';
select ua_parse(ua) from table_name limit 3;
结果：
WINDOWS_7 CHROME21 21.0.1180.89
WINDOWS_7 CHROME33 33.0.1750.146
WINDOWS_7 CHROME21 21.0.1180.89
此种方式只能处理1行，生成1行，没法进行统计分析。
下面使用UDTF(User Defined Table Generating Function),处理1行，生成多列。
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDFArgumentException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDFArgumentLengthException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.udf.generic.GenericUDTF;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.ObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.ObjectInspectorFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.PrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory;
import eu.bitwalker.useragentutils.UserAgent;
public class ParseUserAgent_UDTF extends GenericUDTF{
@Override
public StructObjectInspector initialize(ObjectInspector[] args) throws UDFArgumentException {
if (args.length != 1) {
throw new UDFArgumentLengthException("ExplodeMap takes only one argument");
}
if (args[0].getCategory() != ObjectInspector.Category.PRIMITIVE) {
throw new UDFArgumentException("ExplodeMap takes string as a parameter");
}
ArrayList<String> fieldNames = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<ObjectInspector> fieldOIs = new ArrayList<ObjectInspector>();
fieldNames.add("system");
fieldOIs.add(PrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory.javaStringObjectInspector);
fieldNames.add("browser");
fieldOIs.add(PrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory.javaStringObjectInspector);
fieldNames.add("version");
fieldOIs.add(PrimitiveObjectInspectorFactory.javaStringObjectInspector);
return ObjectInspectorFactory.getStandardStructObjectInspector(fieldNames, fieldOIs);
}
@Override
public void process(Object[] arg){
try {
if(arg == null || arg.length == 0)
return;
String input = arg[0].toString();
String result[] = ua_parse(input).split(" ");
forward(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void close() throws HiveException {
}
public String ua_parse(String userAgent){
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
UserAgent ua = new UserAgent(userAgent.toString());
builder.append(ua.getOperatingSystem()+" "+ua.getBrowser()+" "+ua.getBrowserVersion());
return builder.toString();
}
}
select t.browser,count(*) c from (select ua_parse(ua) as (system,browser,version) from table_name) t group by t.browser order by c desc;
前10名：
CHROME31 987220571
UNKNOWN 708890045
IE8 420021677
IE7 411500373
MOBILE_SAFARI 291920740
IE6 217574865
IE11 179582201
IE9 165160040
CHROME30 158623163
CHROME21 155192489
未辨认的还是很多！
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/ruidongliu/article/details/8791865
http://computerdragon.blog.51cto.com/6235984/1288567
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